Trabzon's Black Sea location put it on trade routes running back to antiquity, and for over two centuries after the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople in 1204, it ran its own show entirely, capital of the independent Empire of Trebizond until the Ottomans finally absorbed it in 1461. That imperial past shows up most dramatically at Sumela Monastery, built directly into a cliff face in the Altindere valley, founded in 386 AD and rebuilt several times since by Byzantine emperors seeking favour with the monks inside.
Closer to the city centre, a smaller Hagia Sophia, unrelated to the famous one in Istanbul but no less significant locally, was built in the 13th century under Trebizond's own emperors and holds Byzantine frescoes that survived centuries of use as a mosque, then a museum, largely intact. Inland from the coast, the alpine lake at Uzungol draws a different kind of visitor entirely, hikers and photographers chasing the misty mountain scenery rather than Byzantine history.
Sumela Monastery
Founded in 386 AD and rebuilt across several later centuries, Sumela Monastery clings directly to a cliff face in the Altindere valley south of Trabzon, a dramatic setting Byzantine emperors favoured with patronage, and one that still draws visitors regardless of religious background.
Empire of Trebizond
After the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople in 1204, Trabzon became capital of the independent Empire of Trebizond, which survived on its own for over 250 years until the Ottomans absorbed it in 1461, longer than the Byzantine successor state in Constantinople itself managed to hold out.
Hagia Sophia of Trabzon and Uzungol
A 13th-century Byzantine church, unrelated to Istanbul's more famous namesake, holds well-preserved fresco cycles from the Trebizond imperial period. Inland, the alpine lake at Uzungol offers a complete change of pace, misty mountain scenery drawing hikers rather than history.
What Bus Hire Costs in Trabzon
As a rough guide, a minibus (up to 19 seats) in Trabzon runs around 3,700 to 6,000 TRY per day, a midi-coach (around 29 seats) around 6,000 to 9,700 TRY per day, and a full-size coach (49 seats) around 8,900 to 14,500 TRY per day. Trabzon's pricing runs moderate, with a summer lift as Black Sea coast and mountain-lake tourism both pick up between June and September. The final figure depends on your route, the date, and how long you need the vehicle. We confirm a fixed price with no hidden charges -- send your details for a free quote.
Quick Facts
- Country: Turkey
- Airport: TZX (Trabzon Airport)
- Currency: TRY (Turkish Lira)
- Drives on: Right
- Language: Turkish
- Population: approx. 810,000 (province)
- Demand: Medium, peaks June to September
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